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*This document is like a lab demo—an example Certificate of Analysis (COA) that showcases what a COA looks like but may not match the latest batch in all its glory. Think of it as a chemistry experiment: close, but not quite the final reaction!
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Bulk Quote| precautionary statement codes | P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 |
| hazard statements |
| hazards summary | Chloroform is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, nonirritating odor and a slightly sweet taste. It will burn only when it reaches very high temperatures. In the past, chloroform was used as an inhaled anesthetic during surgery, but it isn't used that way today. Today, chloroform is used to make other chemicals and can also be formed in small amounts when chlorine is added to water. Other names for chloroform aretrichloromethaneandmethyl trichloride.Chloroform may be released to the air as a result of its formation in the chlorination of drinking water, wastewater and swimming pools. Other sources include pulp and paper mills, hazardous waste sites, and sanitary landfills. The major effect from acute (short-term) inhalation exposure to chloroform is central nervous system depression. Chronic (long-term) exposure to chloroform by inhalation in humans has resulted in effects on the liver, including hepatitis and jaundice, and central nervous system effects, such as depression and irritability. Chloroform has been shown to be carcinogenic in animals after oral exposure, resulting in an increase in kidney and liver tumors. EPA has classified chloroform as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.Anesthesia is produced at concentrations of 10,000 ppm. Laboratory animals develop dose-dependent hepatic necrosis. Chloroform is embryotoxic in high-dose inhalation studies of pregnant rats. Chloroform is in the list of Some volatile substances which may be abused by inhalation published on the web site of the U.N. International Drug Control Programme, indicating its potential to cause narcosis in workers. Acute exposure to high concentrations of chloroform can cause liver and kidney injury, but much less than that caused by carbon tetrachloride. The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of chloroform stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic effects may be exerted from all routes of exposure (ie, ingestion, dermal, or inhalation). Aside from possible contact burns or irritation to the skin and eyes, the range of acute effects from exposure to chloroform include dizziness, headache, nausea, CNS depression, cardiac arrhythmia, and death. Chronic exposure may result in damage (sometimes fatal) to the liver and kidneys. OSHA has set the PEL at 50 ppm, while the ACGIH recommends a TLV of 10 ppm. These levels notwithstanding, contact with chloroform also should be protected against by wearing impervious clothing (PVC and rubber are not suitable), and a full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus operated in positive pressure mode. Non-impervious clothing which becomes wet with chloroform should be promptly removed and any contaminated skin washed with soap and water. Only authorized personnel should be permitted in areas where chloroform exposure may occur. Chloroform will not ignite easily, but it may burn with the emission of highly toxic (eg, phosgene) and irritating gases. If chloroform is involved in a fire, extinguish the fire using an agent suitable for the type surrounding material. Wear protective equipment as stated above. Fire-control water should be diked, as necessary, to prevent chloroform from entering water sources and sewers. Chloroform reacts explosively with chemically-reactive metals (eg, aluminum or magnesium powder, sodium, and lithium), strong oxidizers, and strong caustics (eg, alkalis), and decomposes in sunlight. Therefore, chloroform should be stored away from such materials and in a dark, cool, dry, well-ventilated area. While chloroform has a pleasant, etheric odor, this clear, colorless liquid also has the ability to cause olfactory fatigue and, therefore, warning of its presence is not assured. For this reason, and because its decomposition by prolonged exposure to air can result in accumulation of phosgene, chloroform should be kept in tightly closed containers affixed with the label, "Poison". Containers may be transported by air, rail, road, or water. Small spills of chloroform should be absorbed with vermiculite, dry sand, or earth and collected for disposal. Large land spills should be diked (eg, with soil or sand bags) and the bulk liquid absorbed (eg, with fly ash or cement powder), or contained in an excavated pit, pond, or other holding area that has been sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner. Spills of chloroform in bodies of water may first need to be trapped at the bottom with sand bag barriers and treated with activated carbon. Trapped material is then removed by suction hose, mechanical lifts, or dredges. Collected chloroform is a candidate for liquid injection, rotary kiln, or fluidized bed incineration. Before implementing any plans for permanent land disposal, consult with environmental regulatory agencies. |
