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CAS #
*This document is like a lab demo—an example Certificate of Analysis (COA) that showcases what a COA looks like but may not match the latest batch in all its glory. Think of it as a chemistry experiment: close, but not quite the final reaction!
| IUPAC name | propanedioic acid |
| canonical smiles | C(C(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| inchi | InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7) |
| inchi key | OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| molecular formula | C3H4O4 |
| synonyms | |
| Compound Description |
| Molecular Weight: | 104.06 g/mol |
| XLogP3: | -0.8 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: | 4 |
| Rotatable Bond Count: | 2 |
| Exact Mass: | 104.01095860 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass: | 104.01095860 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area: | 74.6 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count: | 7 |
| Formal Charge: | 0 |
| Complexity: | 83.1 |
| Isotope Atom Count: | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: | 1 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized: | Yes |
| Related Compounds |
| hazard signal | Danger |
| hazard classes and categories | |
| precautionary statement codes | P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 |
| hazard statements | |
| hazards summary | Members of the linear alkyl diacids category demonstrate no evidence of skin sensitization. No effects to reproductive organs in repeated-dose studies. Low repeated-dose and developmental toxicity. Low potential for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. A strong irritant. A skin and severe eye and respiratory tract irritant. A strong irritant that may damage the skin and mucous membranes. An irritant that may cause serious eye injury. Harmful by ingestion. |
| toxicity summary | IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Malonic acid is used in biochemical and cell studies, as well as in chemical synthesis. This acid is well known as a competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase, and has been used extensively in investigations of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It can be used in veterinary medicine to prevent resorption of bone tissue in broiler chicks caused by disturbance of photoperiodism. HUMAN STUDIES: The influence of malonic acid on the proliferation rate of cultured human fetal skin fibroblasts was investigated. Addition of malonate stimulated fibroblast proliferation. The maximum stimulation occurred in the medium at the 0.01 mM concentration of malonic acid. When the cells were cultured in the medium with serum, the influence of malonate on the cells proliferation increased. ANIMAL STUDIES: Malonic acid is a reversible inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase which induces mitochondrial dysfunction followed by secondary excitotoxicity and apoptosis due to generation of reactive oxygen species. Intrastriatal injection of malonate results in both chemically induced hypoxia and striatal lesions that are similar to those seen in Huntington's disease and cerebral ischemia. Malonic acid was mildly irritating to skin in rats. In an in vitro eye irritation test, malonic acid was considered to be irritating. The behavioral effects of unilateral intrastriatal administration of malonate in adult male rats have been reported. Low doses of malonate decreased exploratory activity and caused ipsiversive rotational behavior. High doses of malonate induced contralateral rotational behavior and convulsive episodes. Malonate-induced striatal toxicity was significantly reduced following lesions of either the glutamatergic or dopaminergic afferents to the striatum. Intrastriatal injection of malonate produced age-dependent striatal lesions, which were significantly greater in 4- and 12-month-old animals than in 1-month-old animals. Malonic acid was negative for mutagenicity in a bacterial reverse mutation assay. |
| symptoms | Inhalation Symptoms: Cough. Sore throat. Skin Symptoms: Redness. Pain. Eye Symptoms: Redness. Pain. Ingestion Symptoms: Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. |
