| Compound Description | Glycine appears as white crystals. Glycine is the simplest proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain. It has a role as a nutraceutical, a hepatoprotective agent, an EC 2.1.2.1 inhibitor, a NMDA receptor agonist, a micronutrient, a fundamental metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is an alpha-amino acid, a serine family amino acid and a proteinogenic amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a glycinium. It is a conjugate acid of a glycinate. It is a tautomer of a glycine zwitterion.A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.Glycine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli .Glycine is a natural product found in Microchloropsis, Pinus densiflora, and other organisms with data available.Glycine is a non-essential, non-polar, non-optical, glucogenic amino acid. Glycine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, triggers chloride ion influx via ionotropic receptors, thereby creating an inhibitory post-synaptic potential. In contrast, this agent also acts as a co-agonist, along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors. Glycine is an important component and precursor for many macromolecules in the cells.Glycine is a simple, nonessential amino acid, although experimental animals show reduced growth on low-glycine diets. The average adult ingests 3 to 5 grams of glycine daily. Glycine is involved in the body's production of DNA, phospholipids and collagen, and in release of energy. Glycine levels are effectively measured in plasma in both normal patients and those with inborn errors of glycine metabolism. Nonketotic hyperglycinaemia is an autosomal recessive condition caused by deficient enzyme activity of the glycine cleavage enzyme system . The glycine cleavage enzyme system comprises four proteins: P-, T-, H- and L-proteins . Mutations have been described in the GLDC , AMT , and GCSH genes encoding the P-, T-, and H-proteins respectively. The glycine cleavage system catalyses the oxidative conversion of glycine into carbon dioxide and ammonia, with the remaining one-carbon unit transferred to folate as methylenetetrahydrofolate. It is the main catabolic pathway for glycine and it also contributes to one-carbon metabolism. Patients with a deficiency of this enzyme system have increased glycine in plasma, urine and cerebrospinal fluid with an increased CSF: plasma glycine ratio. . t is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.See also: Amlisimod ... View More ... |
