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*This document is like a lab demo—an example Certificate of Analysis (COA) that showcases what a COA looks like but may not match the latest batch in all its glory. Think of it as a chemistry experiment: close, but not quite the final reaction!
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Bulk Quote| precautionary statement codes | P203, P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P320, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 |
| hazard statements |
| hazards summary | Cobalt is a naturally occurring element found in rocks, soil, water, plants, and animals. Cobalt is used to produce alloys used in the manufacture of aircraft engines, magnets, grinding and cutting tools, artificial hip and knee joints. Cobalt compounds are also used to color glass, ceramics and paints, and used as a drier for porcelain enamel and paints. Radioactive cobalt is used for commercial and medical purposes.60Co (read as cobalt sixty) is used for sterilizing medical equipment and consumer products, radiation therapy for treating cancer patients, manufacturing plastics, and irradiating food.57Co is used in medical and scientific research. It takes about 5.27 years for half of60Co to give off its radiation and about 272 days for57Co. this is called the half-life.Cobalt is a natural element found throughout the environment. Acute (short-term) exposure to high levels of cobalt by inhalation in humans and animals results in respiratory effects, such as a significant decrease in ventilatory function, congestion, edema, and hemorrhage of the lung. Respiratory effects are also the major effects noted from chronic (long-term) exposure to cobalt by inhalation, with respiratory irritation, wheezing, asthma, pneumonia, and fibrosis noted. Cardiac effects, congestion of the liver, kidneys, and conjunctiva, and immunological effects have also been noted in chronically-exposed humans. Cobalt is an essential element in humans, as a constituent of vitamin B . Human studies are inconclusive regarding 12 inhalation exposure to cobalt and cancer, and the one available oral study did not report a correlation between cobalt in the drinking water and cancer deaths. EPA has not classified cobalt for carcinogenicity.Cobalt is rapidly excreted in the urine. It may accumulate in the lung after inhalation of insoluble compounds. Goiter is a known side effect of cobalt treatment for anemia. Hard metal lung disease is caused by the composite material, a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide, that can injure the lung by producing toxic oxygen species. Also may occur after exposure to cobalt metal powder mixed with iron and diamond dust in diamond polishers. There is no evidence that cobalt metal alone or other cobalt compounds can cause hard metal disease. Pulmonary edema can result from heavy exposure to cobalt fumes. A cross-sectional study of 82 workers in a cobalt refinery with an average exposure of 8 years found mild thyroid dysfunction (decreased T3, T4, and increased TSH). No evidence of pulmonary fibrosis was found in these workers exposed to cobalt alone (not to hard metal). An epidemic of cardiomyopathy occurred in the 1960s among heavy drinkers of beer containing cobalt. A recent study of cobalt workers correlated cumulative cobalt exposure with echocardiographic changes but not with cardiac dysfunction. Cobalt is a hepatotoxic agent. Can cause occupational contact urticaria. Accordingly, a TLV-TWA of 0.02 mg/m3, as Co, is recommended to minimize the potential risk of developing asthma, pulmonary function changes, and myocardial effects. The recommended TLV applies to elemental cobalt and inorganic compounds, but not to cobalt exposure in the cemented tungsten carbide industry. See Effects of occupational cobalt exposure on the heart in the production of cobalt and cobalt compounds: a 6-year follow-up. See Tungsten carbide (cemented). See Cobalt-60 the most important radionuclide. |
| symptoms | Inhalation Symptoms: Cough. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Wheezing. Eye Symptoms: Redness. Ingestion Symptoms: Abdominal pain. Vomiting. |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Agent: Cobalt and cobalt compounds |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Classes: Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Monographs: Volume 52: Chlorinated Drinking-water; Chlorination By-products; Some Other Halogenated Compounds; Cobalt and Cobalt Compounds |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Agent: Cobalt metal without tungsten carbide |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Classes: Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Monographs: Volume 86: Cobalt in Hard Metals and Cobalt Sulfate, Gallium Arsenide, Indium Phosphide and Vanadium Pentoxide |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Agent: Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Carcinogenic Classes: Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans |
| carcinogen classification | IARC Monographs: Volume 86: Cobalt in Hard Metals and Cobalt Sulfate, Gallium Arsenide, Indium Phosphide and Vanadium Pentoxide |
